View source for Borough High Street Bridge, London

==[[Structural_steel_design_awards|Structural Steel Design Awards]] 2012 - Commendation==
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The bridge is located within a conservation area and the busy Borough Market. The steelwork contract consists of 128m of approach viaduct to the west, the main 70m span Borough High Street Bridge and a further 50m of viaduct to the east.
 
The approach viaducts are a standard [[Half-through_bridges|through-deck plate girder design]] with deck beams spanning 7.6m between the 2.0m deep edge girders, which in turn are supported on concrete piers at approximately 25m centres. The [[Bridges_-_initial_design#Deck slab|permanent formwork]] soffit is formed with precast concrete panels incorporating white cement and a coffered profile.
 
The iconic feature bridge is 70m long, 9m high in the centre and incorporates 850 tonnes of steel with a further 400 tonnes of concrete in the deck.
 
The main span has a unique trapezoidal girder constructed from large diameter tubes with tapering ends. The north elevation of the bridge is close to an existing railway bridge and is not visible and therefore the girder along this elevation is a simple and economic plate girder.
 
The main tubes are up to 1200mm diameter with 50mm wall thick thickness and, due to the overall size and the design requirements, many of the major joints had to be [[Connections_in_bridges#Butt welds|butt welded]] on site. The bottom chords have significant torsional stiffness ensuring continuity between the cross girders and the internal tubular steel members of the [[Bridges#Truss bridges|truss]]. [[Material_selection_and_product_specification#General - Product standards|Fine grained]] steels [[Material_selection_and_product_specification#Yield strength|Grade S355 NL]] were required to provide the required [[Material_selection_and_product_specification#Fracture toughness|notch ductility]].
 
The entire girder was first assembled in the fabrication workshop to ensure fit up before being dismantled and [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Transportation|sent to site]] in large sections of up to 65 tonnes each.
 
The major challenge was how to construct the bridge within the extremely confined site. It was just possible to construct the approach viaducts [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Erection using cranes|conventionally using a crane]] operating within the footprint of the site to place the girders and deck beams.
 
The main span over Borough High Street however had to be [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Erection during possessions|installed during a weekend road closure]] which, because of the requirement to [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Welding|site weld]] the major tubular [[Connections_in_bridges|connections]], meant that the bridge would need to be assembled off site and somehow moved into position.
 
An innovative installation solution was developed which was to first build the western approach viaduct, install the [[Bridges_-_initial_design#Deck slab|precast deck units]] and provide [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Stability during erection|temporary bracing]] to the top flanges. Then using this deck as a working platform and the edge plate girders as supports, the main span was assembled at an elevated position on top. Extensive temporary supports were required to make this feasible because the main span was up to 3m wider than the viaduct on which it was assembled.
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When the bridge steelwork was complete and the concrete deck units installed the bridge was prepared for installation. The rear end of the bridge was supported on a slide track with Teflon pads. The front end of the bridge was supported on hydraulic towers which in turn rested on [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Specialist transport|multi-axle vehicles]].
 
On the designated weekend, the bridge was rolled across Borough High Street at the rate of a few centimetres per minute and was then lowered down onto the [[Bridge_articulation_and_bearing_specification#Bearings|bearings]] on the new concrete supports. Great care was required during this operation as the [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Launching|launch]] path of the bridge passed within a few centimetres of existing buildings.
 
This iconic structure, located in what must be one of the most congested locations in London, required the highest calibre of engineering and innovation in order to achieve the successful installation which was completed within the designated time period.

Click [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xk2g8RIBr1U here] to see the main span being installed using [[Design for steel bridge construction#Specialist transport|specialist transporters]].<br>
 
{|class="wikitable"
|-
|'''Architect'''||Jestico + Whiles
|-
|'''Structural Engineer'''||Atkins
|-
|'''Steelwork Contractor'''||Watson Steel Structures Ltd (Severfield-Rowen Plc)
|-
|'''Main Contractor'''||Skanska Civil Engineering Ltd
|-
|'''Client'''||Network Rail
|}

==Judges' comments==
Substantial additional rail capacity is threaded through the busy historic Borough Market area by means of this new viaduct and bridge. To achieve this on a key commuter route tested the ingenuity of the team.
 
The technique of [[Design_for_steel_bridge_construction#Launching|launching]] the main span from the viaduct itself was inspired. The bridge is both attractive and practical – another railway success by steelwork.

[[Category:Case studies – Bridges]]